A Guide to Choosing the Right Speed for Every Nail Technique

If you’re a nail tech who owns an e-file but feels unsure about what speed (RPM) to use for each service - you’re not alone. This is one of the most asked questions by beginners and experienced techs alike.

The right speed can mean the difference between:

Smooth, efficient services

Painful heat spikes

Clean cuticle work

Nail plate trauma

In this blog, we’ll break down RPM recommendations for each e-file technique, explain what RPM actually means, and help you build confidence behind your handpiece.

What is RPM?

RPM stands for revolutions per minute. It tells you how fast your e-file bit is spinning.

The higher the RPM, the faster the bit rotates.  But faster doesn’t always mean better.

The right speed depends on:

The type of bit you’re using

The technique you’re performing and product you’re working on 

The pressure you apply

The area of the nail you’re working on

Nail technician using a Katie Barnes e-file for cuticle prep with KB Flexible desk light in black, wearing Katie Barnes black apron.

Recommended E-File Speeds by Technique

Cuticle Prep (Diamond Bits – flame, ball, barrel, etc.)

Speed: 5,000–12,000 RPM

Why: Lower speeds offer more control around the skin and prevent trauma.

Pro Tip: Use light pressure - let the bit do the work. Work from centre to side, change direction and repeat for the best results.

Cuticle Lift (with flame bits such Cuticle Lift or Natalie Bit)

Speed: 6,000–12,000 RPM

Why: You want enough speed to lift the fold gently, but not so fast it causes damage or loss of control.

Removing Gel Polish (Non-Builder)

Speed: 15,000–20,000 RPM

Why: Gel polish is thin, so a moderate speed with a fine or medium grit carbide such as mini 5 in 1 cross cut bit or KB Mini Mandrel and KB Mini 180 grit sanding band works efficiently without over-filing.

Removing Builder Gel, BIAB, Hard Gel, or Acrylic

Speed: 20,000–30,000 RPM

Why: These materials are thicker and require a higher speed with a medium of coarse carbide bit like KB 5 in 1 Cross Cut Bit or KB Safety Edge Bit for effective, safe removal.

Pro Tip: Use controlled passes - don’t hover in one spot. Turn up the speed in increments of 2-5,000 RPM if you aren’t getting a smooth glide.

Refining Bulk or Shape

Speed: 15,000–20,000 RPM

Why: Ideal for refining structure, blending tips, or rebalancing enhancements. Use a medium grit carbide such as KB 5 in 1 Cross Cut Bit or KB Mini Mandrel and KB Mini 180 grit sanding bands.

Smoothing the Nail Surface

Speed: 8,000–12,000 RPM

Why: Perfect for finishing touches using a 5 in 1 Straight Cut Bit in Fine Grit or KB Mini Mandrel and KB Mini 180 grit sanding bands. Keep it light and consistent to avoid heat.

Using a Sanding Band on the Natural Nail 

Speed: 1,000–5,000 RPM

Why: Use with extreme care. This is a very delicate technique and should be done with light pressure and proper training.

What Happens If the Speed Is Too Low?

Your e-file may catch or drag

You’ll need to apply more pressure (which causes trauma)

Bits may become ineffective

Work becomes slower and more tiring

What Happens If the Speed Is Too High?

Heat spikes can cause burning sensations

Loss of control = risk of cuts or rings of fire

You’ll remove too much product or nail unintentionally

Increased client discomfort and reduced retention

Top Tips for RPM Confidence

✅ Always match your bit + speed + technique

✅ Start slower and gradually increase as your control improves

✅ Practice with a training hand or tips before working on clients

✅ Listen for a smooth, even sound — screeching or wobbling is a red flag

✅ Don’t forget torque — your e-file should maintain power under pressure

The KB Tool Difference

With the Katie Barnes E-File Range, you’re not just getting tools, you’re getting education, too.

Bits designed for each technique, from prep to removal

E-file machines with adjustable RPM and powerful torque

Ongoing training to help you perfect your technique safely

RPM isn’t one size fits all but it is one of the most powerful ways to level up your results, protect your clients, and work more efficiently.

With the right speed and the right tools, you’ll feel more confident in your technique and your clients will feel the difference.

Ready to upgrade your kit and confidence?

Explore the KB E-File Machines and E-File Bits.